Frontoparietal Connectivity Neurofeedback Training for Promotion of Working Memory: An fNIRS Study in Healthy Male Participants

Neurofeedback cognitive training is a promising tool used to promote functions effectively and efficiently. In this study, we investigated novel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based frontoparietal connectivity (FC) neurofeedback paradigm related working memory, involving healthy adults. Compared with conventional studies, chose the network, key brain region for function modulation, as neurofeedback, yielding strong targeting effect. experiment, 10 participants (test group) received three sessions of 15 min using fNIRS-based FC another served control group. Frontoparietal was significantly increased in test group ( $p =0.03$ ), (memory attention) were promoted compared (accuracy 3-back test: =0.0005$ , reaction time =0.0009$ ). After additional validations on long-term effect different patient populations, proposed method exhibited considerable potential be developed fast, effective, widespread approach enhancement.